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Relative Pronouns: who - which

A relative pronoun is a pronoun that introduces a relative clause.
It is called a "relative" pronoun because it "relates" to the word that it modifies. Here is an example:

•The person who phoned me last night is my teacher.
In the above example, "who":

•relates to "person", which it modifies
•introduces the relative clause "who phoned me last night"

Relative pronouns can refer to singular or plural, and there is no difference between male and female.

We use "who" for people and "which" for things and animals.

Exercise 1
Exercise 2

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If Clauses - Type I



Form
if + Simple Present, will-Future

Example: If I find her address, I will send her an invitation.

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.

Example: I will send her an invitation if I find her address.

Note: Main clause and / or if clause might be negative.
Example: If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.

Use
Conditional Sentences Type I refer to the future.

Exercise

Adjectives



Comparative Form and Superlative Form (-er/-est)

one-syllable adjectives (clean, new, cheap)
two-syllable adjectives ending in -y or -er (easy, happy, pretty, dirty, clever)

Exceptions in spelling when adding -er / -est

silent ‘e’ is dropped
Example: late-later-latest

final ‘y’ after a consonant becomes i
Example: easy-easier-easiest

final consonant after short, stressed vowel is doubled
Example: hot-hotter-hottest


Comparative Form and Superlative Form (more/most)
adjectives of three or more syllables (and two-syllable
adjectives not ending in -y/-er)


Comparative Form and Superlative Form (irregular comparisons)



Exercise

The Future


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Use

1) Future actions happen without the speaker's intention

The sun will shine tomorrow.


2) Predictions, assumptions

I think Sarah will arrive in Paris at 6 pm.


3) Spontaneous actions

Hang on! I'll have a word with you.

Examples

Affirmative sentences:

He will play football.
He'll play football.

Negative sentences:

He will not play football.
He won't play football. or He'll not play football.

Questions:

Will he play football?


Exercise

The Story of Easter


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Easter is a time of springtime festivals.
In Christian countries Easter is celebrated as the religious holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ, the son of God. But the celebrations of Easter have many customs and legends that are pagan in origin and have nothing to do with Christianity.

Traditions associated with the festival survive in the Easter rabbit, a symbol of fertility, and in colored easter eggs, originally painted with bright colors to represent the sunlight of spring, and used in Easter-egg rolling contests or given as gifts.

The Christian celebration of Easter embodies a number of converging traditions with emphasis on the relation of Easter to the Jewish festival of Passover, or Pesach, from which is derived Pasch, another name used by Europeans for Easter. Passover is an important feast in the Jewish calendar which is celebrated for 8 days and commemorates the flight and freedom of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt.

Easter is at the end of the Lenten season, which covers a forty-six-day period that begins on Ash Wednesday and ends with Easter. The Lenten season itself comprises forty days, as the six Sundays in Lent are not actually a part of Lent. Sundays are considered a commemoration of Easter Sunday and have always been excluded from the Lenten fast. The Lenten season is a period of penitence in preparation for the highest festival of the church year, Easter.

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